Loops

When writing workflows, it is often very useful to be able to iterate over a set of inputs as shown in this example:

apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Workflow
metadata:
  generateName: loops-
spec:
  entrypoint: loop-example
  templates:
  - name: loop-example
    steps:
    - - name: print-message
        template: whalesay
        arguments:
          parameters:
          - name: message
            value: "{{item}}"
        withItems:              # invoke whalesay once for each item in parallel
        - hello world           # item 1
        - goodbye world         # item 2

  - name: whalesay
    inputs:
      parameters:
      - name: message
    container:
      image: docker/whalesay:latest
      command: [cowsay]
      args: ["{{inputs.parameters.message}}"]

We can also iterate over sets of items:

apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Workflow
metadata:
  generateName: loops-maps-
spec:
  entrypoint: loop-map-example
  templates:
  - name: loop-map-example
    steps:
    - - name: test-linux
        template: cat-os-release
        arguments:
          parameters:
          - name: image
            value: "{{item.image}}"
          - name: tag
            value: "{{item.tag}}"
        withItems:
        - { image: 'debian', tag: '9.1' }       #item set 1
        - { image: 'debian', tag: '8.9' }       #item set 2
        - { image: 'alpine', tag: '3.6' }       #item set 3
        - { image: 'ubuntu', tag: '17.10' }     #item set 4

  - name: cat-os-release
    inputs:
      parameters:
      - name: image
      - name: tag
    container:
      image: "{{inputs.parameters.image}}:{{inputs.parameters.tag}}"
      command: [cat]
      args: [/etc/os-release]

We can pass lists of items as parameters:

apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Workflow
metadata:
  generateName: loops-param-arg-
spec:
  entrypoint: loop-param-arg-example
  arguments:
    parameters:
    - name: os-list                                     # a list of items
      value: |
        [
          { "image": "debian", "tag": "9.1" },
          { "image": "debian", "tag": "8.9" },
          { "image": "alpine", "tag": "3.6" },
          { "image": "ubuntu", "tag": "17.10" }
        ]

  templates:
  - name: loop-param-arg-example
    inputs:
      parameters:
      - name: os-list
    steps:
    - - name: test-linux
        template: cat-os-release
        arguments:
          parameters:
          - name: image
            value: "{{item.image}}"
          - name: tag
            value: "{{item.tag}}"
        withParam: "{{inputs.parameters.os-list}}"      # parameter specifies the list to iterate over

  # This template is the same as in the previous example
  - name: cat-os-release
    inputs:
      parameters:
      - name: image
      - name: tag
    container:
      image: "{{inputs.parameters.image}}:{{inputs.parameters.tag}}"
      command: [cat]
      args: [/etc/os-release]

We can even dynamically generate the list of items to iterate over!

apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Workflow
metadata:
  generateName: loops-param-result-
spec:
  entrypoint: loop-param-result-example
  templates:
  - name: loop-param-result-example
    steps:
    - - name: generate
        template: gen-number-list
    # Iterate over the list of numbers generated by the generate step above
    - - name: sleep
        template: sleep-n-sec
        arguments:
          parameters:
          - name: seconds
            value: "{{item}}"
        withParam: "{{steps.generate.outputs.result}}"

  # Generate a list of numbers in JSON format
  - name: gen-number-list
    script:
      image: python:alpine3.6
      command: [python]
      source: |
        import json
        import sys
        json.dump([i for i in range(20, 31)], sys.stdout)

  - name: sleep-n-sec
    inputs:
      parameters:
      - name: seconds
    container:
      image: alpine:latest
      command: [sh, -c]
      args: ["echo sleeping for {{inputs.parameters.seconds}} seconds; sleep {{inputs.parameters.seconds}}; echo done"]

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